The economy will not run without energy. Indonesia had made the energy sector as one of the driving source of the economy with an abundance of oil. The early 21st century Indonesia experienced an energy crisis and became a net importer of oil.
Although Indonesia is a country with lots of forest and vast ocean, forestry and fishery sectors not significantly contribute to government revenue. This paper, try to explore problems in those sectors and try to come up with alternatives that can increase revenue from those sectors.
May 2010, MoF delivered an annual speech on 2011 plan of Central Government Budget in DPR. In the speech, MoF projected that Non Tax Revenue, PNBP, item will experience a decrease in the revenue.
According to Indonesian National Curriculum year of 2006 (Kurikulum Nasional 2006), economics course is initially offer in tenth grade. It is a compulsory subject in the tenth grade senior high school as all students has to take the economics subject.
In 2006, Indonesia started implementing a nation-wide program of teacher certification with the aim to certify as many as 2.3 million teachers by 2015 with the budgetary cost of as much as US$5,600 million.
Private consumption expenditure (PCE) contributes a major share in Indonesian GDP and its growth has been dominating the economic growth. PCE is also linked directly to the welfare of Indonesian people making it even more relevant for its close monitoring.
With others neighboring Provinces in the western part of Java, the West Java Province shares the southeast Asian most densely urban area (Bodebek as part of Jabodetabek and Greater Bandung).
Lies near the Eurasia and Indo-Australia’s border plate, Indonesia is categorized as natural disaster prone areas. It is common for Indonesian to experience earthquakes that occurs due to volcanic activities or ground movement. Beside that fact, Indonesia is also an archipelago.
History shows that development and economic growth in a developing country, is always the role of sources of funds and capital from abroad. Since the end of the Second World War, many developing countries continue to debt. For four decades after the Second World War, the loan of borrower countries (creditors) has been increased sharply.
As the new paradigm of economic development pioneered by UNDP and Mahbub Ul-Haq undertaken, development processes no longer viewed as monodimensional process of economic growth indicated by GDP growth solely.
